en:
  lorenz-knorr:
    chapter-9:
      c: 9
      title: Using codes
      subtitles:
        sequence-1:
          s: 1
          from: 00:00:00,09
          to: 00:00:06,11
          text: In the summer of 1938, before the Nazis marched in,
        sequence-2:
          s: 2
          from: 00:00:06,11
          to: 00:00:10,13
          text: we agreed that we not only want to keep in touch,
        sequence-3:
          s: 3
          from: 00:00:10,13
          to: 00:00:20,12
          text: but we wanted to develop a secure code in which we were able to correspond
            politically.
        sequence-4:
          s: 4
          from: 00:00:20,12
          to: 00:00:21,21
          text: 
        sequence-5:
          s: 5
          from: 00:00:21,21
          to: 00:00:28,02
          text: 'It was a cipher which the Gestapo was not able to figure out until
            the end:'
        sequence-6:
          s: 6
          from: 00:00:28,02
          to: 00:00:29,02
          text: 
        sequence-7:
          s: 7
          from: 00:00:29,02
          to: 00:00:34,25
          text: A very shifty system, the so called „two-box-system“.
        sequence-8:
          s: 8
          from: 00:00:34,25
          to: 00:00:48,23
          text: When a cipher was found, you only needed to press out the sender and
            the addressee to find out more.
        sequence-9:
          s: 9
          from: 00:00:48,23
          to: 00:00:53,23
          text: That was why the code had to be masked again – that was my idea.
        sequence-10:
          s: 10
          from: 00:00:53,23
          to: 00:00:54,19
          text: 
        sequence-11:
          s: 11
          from: 00:00:54,19
          to: 00:00:59,06
          text: We then arranged that we would use the Goebbel’s weekly article,
        sequence-12:
          s: 12
          from: 00:00:59,06
          to: 00:01:05,04
          text: that he used to write either in the ’Völkischer Beobachter’ or in
            the ’Reich’, as a disguise.
        sequence-13:
          s: 13
          from: 00:01:05,04
          to: 00:01:06,17
          text: 
        sequence-14:
          s: 14
          from: 00:01:06,17
          to: 00:01:10,01
          text: We then underlined in red and in the accompanying letter we wrote
        sequence-15:
          s: 15
          from: 00:01:10,01
          to: 00:01:16,05
          text: this sentence of Goebbels is important, you need to discuss this sentence.
        sequence-16:
          s: 16
          from: 00:01:16,05
          to: 00:01:22,19
          text: The only function was to distract, because this article was carrying
            the cipher;
        sequence-17:
          s: 17
          from: 00:01:22,19
          to: 00:01:31,23
          text: in the way that the encoded text was to be pricked from the back side
            with a needle at certain letters.
        sequence-18:
          s: 18
          from: 00:01:31,23
          to: 00:01:41,03
          text: The letters had to be filtered out by holding the paper into the light
            and then it was decoded.
        sequence-19:
          s: 19
          from: 00:01:41,03
          to: 00:01:45,23
          text: It was not noticeable that we were communicating in cipher.
        sequence-20:
          s: 20
          from: 00:01:45,23
          to: 00:01:46,28
          text: 
        sequence-21:
          s: 21
          from: 00:01:46,28
          to: 00:01:51,07
          text: When the war began, another important thing happened.
        sequence-22:
          s: 22
          from: 00:01:51,07
          to: 00:01:53,20
          text: With the attack on Poland,
        sequence-23:
          s: 23
          from: 00:01:53,20
          to: 00:01:54,11
          text: 
        sequence-24:
          s: 24
          from: 00:01:54,11
          to: 00:01:59,00
          text: the ‘Wehrmacht’ and the German air force were looking for ’Blitzmädchen’
            (female military Helpers during World War II),
        sequence-25:
          s: 25
          from: 00:01:59,00
          to: 00:02:05,22
          text: which were able to help as radio operators in the occupied areas.
        sequence-26:
          s: 26
          from: 00:02:05,22
          to: 00:02:12,25
          text: Eight of our female comrades volunteered.
        sequence-27:
          s: 27
          from: 00:02:12,25
          to: 00:02:13,19
          text: 
        sequence-28:
          s: 28
          from: 00:02:13,19
          to: 00:02:21,01
          text: They had to be let in on our cipher, which only the hard core had
            known.
        sequence-29:
          s: 29
          from: 00:02:21,01
          to: 00:02:29,00
          text: We had to keep up the contact, and they had to, wherever they were,
            get in touch with the local partisans.
        sequence-30:
          s: 30
          from: 00:02:29,00
          to: 00:02:29,29
          text: 
        sequence-31:
          s: 31
          from: 00:02:29,29
          to: 00:02:36,12
          text: After having been badly wounded, I was retrained as a radio operator
            in the punishment battalion in Africa.
        sequence-32:
          s: 32
          from: 00:02:36,12
          to: 00:02:37,18
          text: 
        sequence-33:
          s: 33
          from: 00:02:37,18
          to: 00:02:41,28
          text: Of course this was a second option to communicate quickly.
        sequence-34:
          s: 34
          from: 00:02:41,28
          to: 00:02:47,28
          text: Every radio operator had the opportunity to communicate via radio
            as long as there was another radio operator somewhere else.
        sequence-35:
          s: 35
          from: 00:02:47,28
          to: 00:02:54,27
          text: You only had to be careful, because the ‘Gestapo’ and the ‘SS’ intercepted
            everything.
        sequence-36:
          s: 36
          from: 00:02:54,27
          to: 00:03:01,05
          text: But it worked, you could communicate via radio, as well.
        sequence-37:
          s: 37
          from: 00:03:01,05
          to: 00:03:02,12
          text: 
        sequence-38:
          s: 38
          from: 00:03:02,12
          to: 00:03:07,20
          text: Me, for example, and there are not many who achieved something like
            that,
        sequence-39:
          s: 39
          from: 00:03:07,20
          to: 00:03:14,15
          text: I had connection to my party leader exiled in London from 1941 until
            1945.
        sequence-40:
          s: 40
          from: 00:03:14,15
          to: 00:03:16,05
          text: 
        sequence-41:
          s: 41
          from: 00:03:16,05
          to: 00:03:19,26
          text: Coded mail went to Bergen in Norway.
        sequence-42:
          s: 42
          from: 00:03:19,26
          to: 00:03:25,16
          text: There sat a comrade of ours as a ’Blitzmädchen’, she had connection
            to the partisans.
        sequence-43:
          s: 43
          from: 00:03:25,16
          to: 00:03:27,28
          text: They took the mail to Sweden.
        sequence-44:
          s: 44
          from: 00:03:27,28
          to: 00:03:32,10
          text: In Stockholm was the secretary general of my party
        sequence-45:
          s: 45
          from: 00:03:32,10
          to: 00:03:36,20
          text: and he established the connection from Stockholm to London via plane.
        sequence-46:
          s: 46
          from: 00:03:36,20
          to: 00:03:39,29
          text: 'Until the enquiry came back:'
        sequence-47:
          s: 47
          from: 00:03:39,29
          to: 00:03:42,01
          text: "“How is the mood in the population?"
        sequence-48:
          s: 48
          from: 00:03:42,01
          to: 00:03:45,10
          text: Where are places for paratroopers to jump
        sequence-49:
          s: 49
          from: 00:03:45,10
          to: 00:03:54,20
          text: where to the same time a social background can be found, so they can
            live and operate safely?”
        sequence-50:
          s: 50
          from: 00:03:54,20
          to: 00:03:57,27
          text: These sorts of questions came and they were answered.
        sequence-51:
          s: 51
          from: 00:03:57,27
          to: 00:04:04,24
          text: Later on it worked even faster, because a comrade,
        sequence-52:
          s: 52
          from: 00:04:04,24
          to: 00:04:10,14
          text: who had emigrated to London with her parents, got a new identity
        sequence-53:
          s: 53
          from: 00:04:10,14
          to: 00:04:18,20
          text: and was infiltrated into Denmark where she got married to a Danish
            member of the resistance.
        sequence-54:
          s: 54
          from: 00:04:18,20
          to: 00:04:25,17
          text: She applied at the German commandant’s office and nobody knew that
            she spoke Jewish.
        sequence-55:
          s: 55
          from: 00:04:25,17
          to: 00:04:30,28
          text: She also spoke German, French, English and then she even learned Danish
        sequence-56:
          s: 56
          from: 00:04:30,28
          to: 00:04:33,24
          text: and after that applied at the German commandant’s office.
        sequence-57:
          s: 57
          from: 00:04:33,24
          to: 00:04:38,06
          text: Because she was perfect in type writing and shorthand she was taken
            on immediately.
        sequence-58:
          s: 58
          from: 00:04:38,06
          to: 00:04:43,00
          text: Because of her capability and her linguistic knowledge it did not
            take long
        sequence-59:
          s: 59
          from: 00:04:43,00
          to: 00:04:48,24
          text: and she was sitting in the outer office of the German general in command!
        sequence-60:
          s: 60
          from: 00:04:48,24
          to: 00:04:51,12
          text: She had access to all the files.
        sequence-61:
          s: 61
          from: 00:04:51,12
          to: 00:04:58,08
          text: Everything that went to the general or that came from the general,
            even if it came from the ‘Fuehrer’, went through her hands.
        sequence-62:
          s: 62
          from: 00:04:58,08
          to: 00:05:00,24
          text: That naturally was a source.
        sequence-63:
          s: 63
          from: 00:05:00,24
          to: 00:05:05,22
          text: As she had direct connection to London, the way was shorter.
        sequence-64:
          s: 64
          from: 00:05:05,22
          to: 00:05:14,13
          text: The connection worked in no time.
        sequence-65:
          s: 65
          from: 00:05:14,13
          to: 00:05:19,24
          text: It did not take six weeks any more, but took fourteen days or three
            weeks
        sequence-66:
          s: 66
          from: 00:05:19,24
          to: 00:05:24,01
          text: until the message moved back and forth – coded, of course.
