European Resistance Archive/European Resistance Archive (ERA)
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that had been signed between France and Italy after World War I.
that had been signed between France and Italy after World War I.
stipulato dopo la Prima guerra mondiale tra Francia e Italia. -
These work contracts gave Italian antifascists the opportunity
These work contracts gave Italian antifascists the opportunity
Questi contratti offrivano l'opportunità agli antifasciti italiani -
to leave Italy legally and escape imprisonment.
to leave Italy legally and escape imprisonment.
di poter partire legalmente, evitando così arresti e prigionia. -
I don’t know the exact date of my fathers’ emigration,
I don’t know the exact date of my fathers’ emigration,
Non ricordo esattamente quando mio padre arrivò, -
but it took place between 1921 and 1922, as I was born in 1923.
but it took place between 1921 and 1922, as I was born in 1923.
ma l'ondata migratoria avvenne tra il 1921 e il 1922, ed io sono nato nel 1923. -
When I was six months old, my mother and I came to France to join my father.
When I was six months old, my mother and I came to France to join my father.
Abbiamo raggiunto mio padre, mia madre ed io, io avevo sei mesi, e siamo venuti a Naterre. -
Since then I have lived in Nanterre. For almost 83 years now.
Since then I have lived in Nanterre. For almost 83 years now.
Da allora abito a Nanterre. Tra poco saranno 83 anni che abito a Nanterre. -
My father was a Communist, an antifascist.
My father was a Communist, an antifascist.
Sí, mio padre era comunista e antifascista. -
He joined the French Communist Party as soon as we got French citizenship.
He joined the French Communist Party as soon as we got French citizenship.
Si era tesserato al Partito Comunista francese dopo aver ottenuto la cittadinanza. -
He applied for naturalization in 1930. Otherwise it was very difficult to find work.
He applied for naturalization in 1930. Otherwise it was very difficult to find work.
Aveva fatto domanda di naturalizzazione nel 1930 perché senza cittadinanza non gli riusciva facile trovare un lavoro. -
I went to school, “The Ecole Republique”, in Nanterre.
I went to school, “The Ecole Republique”, in Nanterre.
Io andavo a scuola a Nanterre, presso quella che all'epoca si chiamava "Ècole de la République". -
The school has now disappeared to make way for the University Paris X.
The school has now disappeared to make way for the University Paris X.
La scuola si trovava dove oggi è situata la sede universitaria di Paris X. -
I went to that school until the age of 13 and got my Elementary School Certificate - Certificat d’Etudes.
I went to that school until the age of 13 and got my Elementary School Certificate - Certificat d’Etudes.
Lì ho frequentato le scuole fino ad ottenere il Certificat d’Etudes, all'età di 13 anni. -
To please my teacher, I took an entry test for high school, but it was not my goal.
To please my teacher, I took an entry test for high school, but it was not my goal.
Per compiacere il professore che desiderava che continuassi gli studi, ho fatto l'esame di ammissione alle scuole superiori, ma il suo desiderio non coincideva col mio. -
At the time my brother had just been born,
At the time my brother had just been born,
All'epoca mio fratello era appena nato, -
my mother was not working because she had a heart disease.
my mother was not working because she had a heart disease.
mia madre non lavorava, era malata, andavamo spesso dal dottore, soffriva di una malattia cardiaca, -
We needed to call the doctor often and my father was only a worker, so we were not very rich.
We needed to call the doctor often and my father was only a worker, so we were not very rich.
e mio padre era un operaio, quindi non eravamo ricchi. -
On one hand, I wanted to contribute to the family by working.
On one hand, I wanted to contribute to the family by working.
Da un lato, volevo aiutare la famiglia e lavorare. -
On the other hand, I wanted
On the other hand, I wanted
Dall'altro - volevo essere libero e indipendente, -
to be free and independent. That was even more important.
to be free and independent. That was even more important.
volevo emanciparmi. Questo era anche più importante.