European Resistance Archive/European Resistance Archive (ERA)
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born in 1921 and grown up in Eger, now Cheb, in the German populated areas of Czechoslovakia.
born in 1921 and grown up in Eger, now Cheb, in the German populated areas of Czechoslovakia.
Cresciuto nel 1921 a Eger, ora Cheb, nei territori tedeschi occupati in Cecoslovacchia. -
I am a trained typesetter and typographer.
I am a trained typesetter and typographer.
Professione appresa: compositore tipografico e tipografo. -
After 1945 I was active in the socialistic youth as a state and federation secretary.
After 1945 I was active in the socialistic youth as a state and federation secretary.
Dopo il 1945 attivo nella gioventù socialista come segretario nazionale e federale. -
For 25 years I was the head of the German Union of Peace
For 25 years I was the head of the German Union of Peace
Per 25 anni a capo della Friedensunion (Unione per la pace) tedesca -
and then federation spokesman for the Association of the victims of persecution by the Nazi regime.
and then federation spokesman for the Association of the victims of persecution by the Nazi regime.
e poi portavoce federale della Vereinigung der Verfolgten des Naziregimes (Associazione perseguitati dal regime nazista). -
If you grew up in a family of a labour union official, in the German populated areas of Czechoslovakia
If you grew up in a family of a labour union official, in the German populated areas of Czechoslovakia
Chi è cresciuto negli anni '20 e '30 del secolo passato nei territori tedeschi occupati della Cecoslovacchia -
during the twenties and thirties, of the last century,
during the twenties and thirties, of the last century,
nella famiglia di un funzionario della classe lavoratrice, -
you encountered the political problems and the political fights from early childhood.
you encountered the political problems and the political fights from early childhood.
avrà a che fare fin da piccolo con problemi e lotte politiche in continua evoluzione. -
In Eger my father was the most popular strike-leader before the First World War
In Eger my father was the most popular strike-leader before the First World War
Mio padre era, prima della prima guerra mondiale, il più famoso tra chi guidava gli scioperi a Eger -
and afterwards he was, although not fit for work,
and afterwards he was, although not fit for work,
e, nel dopoguerra, nonostante non fosse più idoneo al lavoro, -
still speaker at demonstrations and meetings of the union.
still speaker at demonstrations and meetings of the union.
continuò ad essere oratore in manifestazioni e incontri del sindacato. -
As his son, I obviously experienced this first hand, because my parents often took me with them to political activities;
As his son, I obviously experienced this first hand, because my parents often took me with them to political activities;
Ovviamente anche suo figlio fu coinvolto, dal momento che spesso i genitori lo portavano con sé agli eventi politici, -
especially on the 1st May or on other red-letter days of the labour movement.
especially on the 1st May or on other red-letter days of the labour movement.
e in particolare ovviamente per il 1 maggio o in altri giorni di festa del movimento dei lavoratori. -
The moulding and forming impressions were: 1. the year 1933,
The moulding and forming impressions were: 1. the year 1933,
Le esperienze formative che più hanno lasciato il segno furono però nell'anno 1933, -
when the German corpus and the German General staff shifted the power towards the Nazi leading clique
when the German corpus and the German General staff shifted the power towards the Nazi leading clique
quando il corpus e lo stato maggiore tedeschi spostarono il potere nelle mani dei capi nazisti, -
and: 2. the year 1934, in Austria,
and: 2. the year 1934, in Austria,
e nel 1934 in Austria, -
when the latter gave power to the cleric-fascists who broke up the labour movement.
when the latter gave power to the cleric-fascists who broke up the labour movement.
quando la Heimwehr clerico-fascista distrusse il movimento operaio. -
According to our understanding the development of mankind goes from lower forms to increasing forms of living together,
According to our understanding the development of mankind goes from lower forms to increasing forms of living together,
Volendo comprendere lo sviluppo dell'umanità come un percorso da forme minori di vita comunitaria a forme sempre più alte di vita comunitaria, -
therefore that was obviously a heavy setback.
therefore that was obviously a heavy setback.
questo era ovviamente un violento salto indietro. -
The German labour movement was the strongest and ideologically most consolidated one in the ‘1st Internationale’,
The German labour movement was the strongest and ideologically most consolidated one in the ‘1st Internationale’,
Il movimento dei lavoratori tedesco era il più forte e quello dalle basi ideologiche più consolidate, all'interno della prima Internazionale